La santé à Cape Verde

Comment fonctionne le système

Cabo Verde runs a government-subsidised, two-tier health system: a tax- and social-insurance-funded public sector that gives all Cabo Verdeans a basic package of services (antenatal care, emergency treatment, HIV/TB care), alongside a smaller but growing private sector concentrated in Praia (Santiago), Mindelo (Sao Vicente) and the tourist islands of Sal and Boa Vista. WHO highlights strong primary-care reach (over 80% of the population lives within 30 minutes of a health facility) and milestones such as 2024 WHO malaria-free certification, but the system is resource-constrained: there are only about six hospitals, medicines can be in short supply, and complex cases (e.g. some cancers, cardiac surgery) are evacuated abroad, usually to Portugal, at public expense for affiliated residents. For a temporary or nomad resident the practical reality is private clinics plus international insurance, because the public system is not designed to cover non-affiliated foreigners and care standards fall below what European/US visitors typically expect.

The private sector is the practical route for nomads and tourists and is concentrated in the larger towns and tourist islands. Praia has clinics such as Clinica Santa Maria, Clinica de Praia, Clinica Sao Jorge and the Cardiomed polyclinic; Mindelo has Clinica das Ilhas and Clinica Sante; Sal and Boa Vista have tourist-oriented clinics (Clinitur, Clinica da Murdeira, Cardiomed in Espargos, Clinica Boa Esperanca). A basic private consultation starts around 20-30 EUR in Praia and is typically higher on tourist islands like Sal and Boa Vista, where clinics often bill against travel insurance. Some English-speaking doctors exist in these centres but availability is limited; Portuguese (and Cape Verdean Creole) dominate. Serious cases frequently require medical evacuation to Portugal or Europe, which can cost roughly 15,000-30,000 USD and more, so international health insurance with an evacuation/repatriation benefit is strongly recommended.

WHO's Regional Office for Africa praises Cabo Verde as showing the kind of health-care progress it wants to see across Africa, noting all citizens are entitled to a basic package of services, over 80% of the population lives within 30 minutes of a health facility, and the country achieved WHO malaria-free certification in January 2024. At the same time, the UK FCDO warns that health care in Cabo Verde is "very basic and limited", with some medicines in short supply or unavailable and emergency air evacuation "extremely difficult" from islands without functioning airports (e.g. Brava, Santo Antao).