Standard long-term contracts are 12 months; the large majority of landlords use fixed-term leases.
Deposits are modest (commonly one to two months' rent; legal maximum is three) and total upfront costs are typically two to three months' rent including any agency fee.
Emergency number 112 covers ambulance and all emergencies; emergency and urgent care is provided regardless of insurance status, and emergency ambulance transport is free.
EU/EEA visitors can use a valid European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) for medically necessary public care during a temporary stay, on the same terms and cost as insured Romanians, but only at providers contracted with a local health insurance house.

Watch out for

A lease declared to the tax authority (ANAF Form C168, filed by the owner within 30 days of signing) is needed for residence-permit and address-registration steps, and some landlords are reluctant to register contracts formally.
There is no statutory deposit-protection scheme: deposits are held directly by the landlord, so document the property's condition at move-in.
Non-EU nomads on a temporary visa are generally not covered by the public CNAS system and must hold private/travel health insurance; public coverage requires either employment contributions or buying optional insurance from the health insurance house.
EHIC and public coverage apply only at providers contracted with the public insurance fund; you must consult a contracted family doctor or specialist, and using non-contracted or private providers means paying out of pocket.

Cost of living

Bucharest

€1,200–€2,100/mo